Competing risk hazard model of activity choice, timing, sequencing, and duration

Recently hazard models have become increasingly popular in transportation research for modeling duration processes of various kinds. The application of hazard models is extended to the field of activity scheduling to account for the continuous nature of the decision-making process underlying activity performance. A competing risk hazard model of the accelerated time type, which describes simultaneously the duration of the present activity and the choice of the next activity, is presented. Both a generic and an activity-specific version of the model were estimated. The covariates used in the model represent factors that affect activity scheduling such as time of day, opening hours, travel times, priorities, and time budgets. An interactive computerized data collection procedure was used to obtain specific data needed to calculate the covariates. The estimated models performed satisfactorily, suggesting that competing risk models are a useful tool for describing activity scheduling as a continuous decision-making process. This is an important finding, especially because influencing the timing of activities and trips is a subject of increasing interest to policy makers

Simulation model of activity scheduling behavior

The simulation model of activity scheduling behavior presented is influenced by recent theories of activity scheduling and production system modeling. The basic assumption underlying the model is that activity scheduling is a sequential process in which consecutive steps lead to the final schedule. Every step in this respect is modeled as a choice of an action to perform on a preliminary schedule. The behavior of the model was tested using simulations in different hypothetical spatio-temporal settings. The simulations were conducted repeatedly, varying the values of the parameters of the model systematically. In general, the simulations resulted in realistic schedules. The proposed approach therefore offers possibilities to model activity scheduling realistically. The next step, however, should be to develop calibration methods so that parameter values can be derived from observed behavior. Interactive simulations may be a promising technique in this respect

Вивчення стану ґрунтових вод в умовах міста

The technique of systemization and analysis of heterogenious data by form and contents pursuant to the formation of geoinformational database of underground levels has been developed. Uses of means of the spatial analysis and opportunities of integration Geoinformation technologies with the problemoriented modeling systems essentially expand an opportunity of research and an estimation of change of a level of subsoil waters in territories of city agglomerations

The impact of telecommuting on residential relocation and residential preferences, a latent class modeling approach

e advance of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has changed travellers’ appreciation of travel distance in various ways. In the context of telecommuting, ICT increasingly allows us to work from home one or more days per week. One hypothesis that has been put forward is that because ICTs reduce the frequency of commuting, it allows workers to accept longer commute distances, implying that telecommuters have a different valuation of travel distance than regular commuters and would also favour more peripheral residential locations. e question can be raised, however, whether telecommuters can be regarded as a homogeneous group with respect to their valuation of commute distance and residential preferences. To investigate the heterogeneity of commuters’ and telecommuters’ preferences, latent class discrete choice models of workers’ intended relocation probability and preferred residential environment were estimated. e results suggest that telecommuting is not a factor that can be used to identify segments with different residential preferences. However, within the group of telecommuters, two different classes can be identied, which can be characterised as being sensitive and insensitive to commute distance.e advance of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has changed travellers’ appreciation of travel distance in various ways. In the context of telecommuting, ICT increasingly allows us to work from home one or more days per week. One hypothesis that has been put forward is that because ICTs reduce the frequency of commuting, it allows workers to accept longer commute distances, implying that telecommuters have a different valuation of travel distance than regular commuters and would also favour more peripheral residential locations. e question can be raised, however, whether telecommuters can be regarded as a homogeneous group with respect to their valuation of commute distance and residential preferences. To investigate the heterogeneity of commuters’ and telecommuters’ preferences, latent class discrete choice models of workers’ intended relocation probability and preferred residential environment were estimated. e results suggest that telecommuting is not a factor that can be used to identify segments with different residential preferences. However, within the group of telecommuters, two different classes can be identied, which can be characterised as being sensitive and insensitive to commute distance

A multi-agent model of urban processes: modelling relocation processes and price setting in housing markets

This paper introduces an agent-based micro-simulation model of housingmarketprocesses. The model describes aggregate housingmarket developments, such as price and turnover, as the outcome of households’ decisions to search for a new dwelling, accept an offered dwelling or sell their dwelling. An important feature of the model is that households’ decisions are based on perceptions of housingmarket probabilities. Households update these perceptions based on observed bargaining outcomes in the market. The model was tested in a simulation experiment and appeared to respond plausibly to different marketsettings in terms of prices and households’ perception of the marke

Nieuwe uitdagingen voor de sportgeografie

In de ruimtelijke wetenschappen is sport traditioneel een ondergeschoven kindje. Gezien de effecten van sport op gezondheid, welzijn, veiligheid, sociale interactie en uitsluiting kan geografisch onderzoek een belangrijke bijdrage leveren aan inzicht in de ruimtelijke determinanten en uitkomsten van sportdeelname. Dit artikel bespreekt kansrijke richtingen in geografisch sportonderzoek

Whom to hang out with and where? Analysis of the influence of spatial setting on the choice of activity company

Over the past decade there has been an increasing interest into to role of social interactions and social networks for activities and travel. This coincides with a growing awareness that social and recreational trips make up a considerable share of total mobility and deserve more attention in order to understand trends in mobility. Given this trend remarkably little attention has been given to the investigation of the choice of company for social and recreational activities and travel. This paper contributes to filling this gap, by presenting estimation results of models of company choice for social activities, shopping, sport and recreation and cultural activities, based on activity diary data collected in 2007 in the Netherlands. Specific attention is given to the influence of urban form and accessibility of services on company choice. The estimation results suggest that accessibility of facilities has an impact on company choice. However, the mechanisms seem to differ between activity types. For social activities, shopping and sports/recreation, it seems that better access to facilities leads to more joint activity participation, presumably because coordination between involved parties in time and space becomes easier. In other cases (social and cultural activities), close access to facilities seems to lead to a higher probability of single activity engagement, possibly since impulsive activities (usually single) are easier to implement and pooling of facilities is not necessary